Document Type : Original Independent Original Article
Authors
1
.
2
Assistant Professor of Political Science, Department of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Political Science and Islamic Revolution Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Shahed University of Tehran, Iran
Abstract
This article focuses on the cause of Iran's political underdevelopment during the second Pahlavi era and argues that the main obstacle to political development in Iran during Pahlavi era was the absence of institutions in the social structure of and the lack of institutional thinking among the political authority forces, including the National Front, the Tudeh Party, the Islamists, and the court. The authoritarianism of the political system, political culture, geopolitical obstacles, the refusal of thought, and the dominance of ideology are among the theoretical tools that thinkers in the field of development have tried to use to explain the problem of Iran's political underdevelopment, each in turn, and in light of that, to unravel a knot in the closed work of development in Iran. In contrast to the aforementioned tools, the present article, by applying Douglas North's institutionalist theoretical framework, concluded that in Iran during the second Pahlavi era, the necessary theoretical and practical possibilities for the institutional distribution of power among forces that had the capacity to create violence were not created, and as a result, in the absence of institutional thinking, political action in Iran has always been in the shadow of violence and insecurity
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