Mediation is today one of the most prevalent methods of conflict management and resolution, and is recognized as an effective approach in settling both international and intra-state disputes. This article provides a concise overview of mediation and the concept of mediation in foreign policy. It begins by introducing the actors who most commonly assume the role of mediator, and examines the relative strengths and weaknesses of individual, state-level, and international organization mediation. It then analyzes the supply and demand of mediation, identifying the conditions that encourage third-party efforts to offer mediatory assistance and the acceptance of such assistance by the parties involved in a conflict. The article subsequently examines the various processes and methods employed by mediators, reviewing a broad spectrum of approaches ranging from soft facilitative mediation to more manipulative strategies. Finally, it addresses the outcomes of mediation and the factors influencing the effectiveness of this important foreign policy instrument