Theincident of September11, 2001 opened a new chapter in the domestic and foreign policies of the United States, because after the end of theCold War, it suffered from the vacuum of the security strategy and suffered a crisis of meaning. The neo-conservatives took advantage of theopportunity and by exaggerating the danger of terrorism and establishing hegemonicism, they adopted new policies in foreign affairs. In this regard, they put forward the strategy of pre-emptive and preventive attack, and the deterrence of the Cold War period gave way to the increasing interventionism after the ColdWar. and turned to unilateralism in the international arena and emphasized the aggressive realism approach and increasing power as a means of gaining ahegemonic position, which affected the foreignpolicyofotheragents. It is related to the collapseof the order based on the bipolar structure, and the other part is caused by the post-Cold War conditions. An attempt has been made to answer this question. What challenges does American hegemony faceinthe Middle East after September 11th?The competitor, the growth of takfiri groups and the axisofresistance, is oneof the most important challenges after September 11th, and therefore the continuationof American hegemony isdirectly related to thereduction of challengesin theinternational order.