Journal of Political Strategy

International Responsibility of Governments Towards Supporting Terrorism

mohammadhosein bayati; Asghar Imani

Volume 6, Issue 4 , February 2023, , Pages 111-130

Abstract

  Obligations of states to fight terrorismAbstractInternational rules and regulations confirm the two main points: a comprehensive struggle and a ban on any interactions and support for ...  Read More Obligations of states to fight terrorismAbstractInternational rules and regulations confirm the two main points: a comprehensive struggle and a ban on any interactions and support for terrorist groups; but today, some political imperatives have led to widespread widespread interactions with certain terrorist groups behind the curtain of some states, which is a stimulus to redress the responsibilities of governments towards roles. And their assignments in the process of international life against other actors. With this interpretation, we re-examine the general responsibility of the governments towards the phenomenon of terrorism, and, in addition, we will observe the additional and special responsibilities of the states against other actors in international relations. Considering the danger of these groups for global peace and security and international prohibitions, we continue to see the material and spiritual support of some states from the terrible phenomenon of terrorism, which makes international responsibility a matter for supportive governments. The ability of the international community to take responsibility for these governments and the drafting of this responsibility under the draft international governments' engagement is debatable.Keywords: international responsibility, terrorist groups, governments,

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The conflicting approach of the European Union to the sovereignty of states and the violation of the doctrine of jurisdiction

mohammad laelalizadeh; afshin jafari

Volume 7, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 113-130

Abstract

  The relationship between the European governments and the European Union as a transnational institution has been the subject of debate in terms of decision-making and the right to exercise ...  Read More The relationship between the European governments and the European Union as a transnational institution has been the subject of debate in terms of decision-making and the right to exercise sovereignty or decision-making authority. In the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the conflicting approach of the European Union towards the sovereignty of states and the violation of the doctrine of jurisdiction. The question is, what are the conflicting cases between the member states and the European Union? With the qualitative method and descriptive-analytical approach, this hypothesis was examined: the right to self-determination by the people of the member states of the Union and the right to make judicial, legislative and executive decisions based on the norms and values of each nation is denied and national sovereignty is marginalized. The findings of the research indicate that the EU institution, regardless of the details, the local context of each land, the interests and values of each society, only deals with decision-making and implementation among the member states from a general perspective. Its examples in the criminal field are mutual recognition and in the political field,

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mosen dianat; mohammad farhadi; mojtaba abasi ghadi

Volume 4, Issue 14 , December 2020, , Pages 119-144

https://doi.org/10.29252/JPS.4.14.119

Abstract

  a  Read More a

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Judicial policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the face of the threat of economic corruption (with a focus on prevention and transparency)

Ayatollah Esmaeili; Almas Salami

Volume 6, Issue 2 , September 2022

Abstract

  Economic corruption have existed for countries has caused pessimism in public opinion and dissatisfaction. With preventive measures and making financial information available to the ...  Read More Economic corruption have existed for countries has caused pessimism in public opinion and dissatisfaction. With preventive measures and making financial information available to the public and creating transparency . In the judicial policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, special emphasis is placed on prevention and transparency, a part of which is included in the reform document, among others, one can refer to the characteristics of judges ... The announcement of Iran's Islamic Revolution facing economic war and sanctions by the enemy as a short-term tactic and a long-term strategy of the country's economic system by the supreme leader of the revolution has added to the importance of this research. This research aims to examine the judicial policy of the Islamic Republic in the face of the threat of economic corruption, focusing on prevention and transparency. The method of conducting research is in the form of library, documents, and by reviewing books, researches, dissertations, and related articles. The main question is, what is the effect of judicial policy transparency-prevention of economic corruption? The results of the research show that by using economic corruption and the threats it creates for the country can be reduced to a large extent.

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An Attitude the Concept of Freedom and Law in Kant's Philosophy of Ethics

hamidreza dehghani

Volume 5, Issue 18 , December 2021, , Pages 91-108

Abstract

  The purpose of this article is to examine the concept of freedom and its relationship with law in Kant's philosophy of ethics. In his philosophy of ethics, he uses freedom as the basis ...  Read More The purpose of this article is to examine the concept of freedom and its relationship with law in Kant's philosophy of ethics. In his philosophy of ethics, he uses freedom as the basis of moral reasoning and believes that when man has free will, then morality is real and the law of morality is valid for all human beings. According to him, freedom does not mean the possibility of doing whatever one wants, because a person who wants the freedom to do anything is in fact a slave to his low self. Authority becomes the source of action and its cause only when it is in accordance with the moral law.In the present study, we intend to use a descriptive method to examine the relationship between freedom and moral law from the perspective of Immanuel Kant. Kant wants to show that morality is not just an abstract and formal system, but something that can be achieved and that man is in a position to make it a reality. The issue that inevitably arises is the issue of freedom and the possibility of freedom for human beings.

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Analysis of the Concept of "Violence" in Modernization and Development Theories based on Jacques Derrida's method of Deconstruction

Alireza Samei esfahani; Nafiseh Allahdadi

Volume 6, Issue 1 , June 2022, , Pages 97-119

Abstract

  Violence is something that always happens in the real world and has many forms and types. This phenomenon is not limited to overt violence or physical violence, but also has hidden ...  Read More Violence is something that always happens in the real world and has many forms and types. This phenomenon is not limited to overt violence or physical violence, but also has hidden forms that are essentially hidden in language and speech. For example, the thinking and mentality of modernization and development at first sight reveals a desirable truth, yet in the world of thought and the resulting divisions one can discover traces of verbal or abstract violence. From this perspective, the leading article seeks to explore and understand the origins and origins of violence in Western theories of modernization and development, using Jacques Derrida's method of deconstruction. Derrida seeks to examine the dichotomies and contrasts in language by deconstruction method. Findings show that according to ontological determinism, epistemology and methodology, theories of modernization and development, as well as semantic distinctions and contrasts in their innovative concepts such as rational / irrational, tradition / modernity, developed / backward, savage / civilized, cultured / uncultured, urban / rural, poor / rich, etc. These theories carry abstract and fundamental violence or the same primary violence that they have the capacity and ability to practice. Become secondary violence or objective violence.

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Comparative Investigation of Hardship Leading to the Issuance of a Verdict for Treatment-Driven Abortion in the Laws of Iran and Scandinavian Area’s Countries

Hamidreza Morovvati; Saeed Mansouri; Ahmad Shams

Volume 5, Issue 17 , September 2021, , Pages 109-130

Abstract

  The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method as well as library resources and well-justified documents to find an answer to this question that whether the potential of the ...  Read More The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method as well as library resources and well-justified documents to find an answer to this question that whether the potential of the jurisprudential regulations and the adjustment of the rules and regulations related to treatment-driven abortion in the Scandinavian area’s countries can be applied for bridging the legal gaps existing in Iran’s regulations or not? In response and despite our country’s regulations that are silent in regard of the unwanted, rape and incest pregnancies and others of the like and do not allow treatment-driven abortion while they may cause a lot of psychological problems to the mothers and their whole families, the regulations of Scandinavian area’s countries enable the resolving of a great many of the abovementioned problems through predicting and allowing abortion in such cases. In the meanwhile, the main and essential priority in the Scandinavian area’s countries for abortion at any time and even after the ensoulment and with the possibility of the infant’s life continuation outside the womb is the mother’s health.

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The Impact of Improving Fossil Energy Policies in Increasing the Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran

hasti seif; mohammadreza agharebparast; mohammad behnoud

Volume 4, Issue 13 , September 2020, , Pages 117-131

Abstract

  Energy plays a fundamental role in the life of the industrial economy of societies, and when sufficient energy is available, economic development will be possible. Foreign policy and ...  Read More Energy plays a fundamental role in the life of the industrial economy of societies, and when sufficient energy is available, economic development will be possible. Foreign policy and international politics are shaped by various factors. One of the requirements for development in the country is to adopt appropriate diplomacy in order to ensure energy security. Undoubtedly, fossil resources have played an undeniable role in the development of industry and, by its nature, the growth of societies. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method to answer the question that what effect does the improvement of energy policy (fossil fuels) have on Iran's security? Fossil fuels and sustainable access to these resources in the form of energy security are among the most important factors in measuring the power of countries in the international system. Decision-making in the policy sector proves Iran's hypothesis can improve security by diversifying the primary energy portfolio and using renewable energy.

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The role of computer games in US foreign policy after the 11 September events

mohammadreza mayeli; mohammadali mokhtari

Volume 2, Issue 6 , March 2018, , Pages 117-155

Abstract

  A new chapter in US foreign policy has begun since September 2001. Emerging media Computer games with special capabilities and features can be said to have increased their impact and ...  Read More A new chapter in US foreign policy has begun since September 2001. Emerging media Computer games with special capabilities and features can be said to have increased their impact and influence even from media such as cinema and television. One of the most important features is the interactive nature of computer games. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of computer games in US policy after the September 2001 incident. The research method of this research is based on the descriptive method of content analysis. Computer games are like a highway in which the audience can choose the speed, environment and even the route, but the destination is predetermined and the user is not able to change the final message. Manufacturers and designers have pushed computer games to promote violence, intimidation, sexual arousal, and other emotion-inducing techniques. According to experts, in addition to these cases, some political messages, lifestyle promotion and education are also considered by computer game designers. The September incident can be cited as an example of the control and use of media power. Games will create new conditions for their users in the future, and since the video game industry is a growing and very pervasive industry, planning for it is of special importance and requires the convergence of all those in charge of cultural affairs.

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The place of transparency in decent governance in the thought of Imam Ali (AS)

morteza alavian; rahmat abbastabar; Saeed Zakariapoor soorkuhi

Volume 6, Issue 3 , November 2022, , Pages 121-140

Abstract

  Transparency, as one of the new concepts in the last century, has attracted the attention of many scientists as one of the indicators of good governance. In Islamic researches, there ...  Read More Transparency, as one of the new concepts in the last century, has attracted the attention of many scientists as one of the indicators of good governance. In Islamic researches, there have been many researches about matching the characteristics of good governance with Islamic thought. This research with the topic of "the place of transparency in good governance in Alevi thought" examines and applies the component of transparency in the governance and thought of Imam Ali (a.s.). This research has put Nahj al-Balagha as the basis for the study of Alawite thought and aims to answer the question of what place transparency has in Alawite thought and governance. For this research, thematic analysis method has been used as one of the most widely used data analysis methods. After studying and investigating, transparency in Alevi thought was divided into two sections: "The content of transparency in Alevi thought and governance" and "Necessities of transparency in Alevi thought and governance" and the results of the research show that in Alevi thought and governance Transparency has been at the highest possible levels and it has been explicitly mentioned.

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The Roots and Causes of Political Violence in the Middle East

Akbar Zolfaghari; Taha Ahsayeri

Volume 7, Issue 2 , August 2023, , Pages 125-153

Abstract

  The present study aims to analyze the roots and causes of political violence in the Middle East by relying on Huntington's theoretical perspective (Modernization Theory) and Robert ...  Read More The present study aims to analyze the roots and causes of political violence in the Middle East by relying on Huntington's theoretical perspective (Modernization Theory) and Robert Gurr's theoretical approach (Relative Deprivation). The main research question is what factors fuel the occurrence of political violence in the Middle East? The research method is of the historical-documentary type, where the researcher looks for the answer to the main goal by referring to articles, books, research and printed scientific works in the databases and also by referring to the historical past of the phenomenon (Political Violence). According to this; the results of the research show that political violence in the Middle East is the result of economic, social, political, psychological and cultural modernization. In transitioning from traditional and old patterns to new patterns; the countries accept changes in the society, however, previous authorities have collapsed, and new political, social and security challenges have arisen, including new political violence.

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Analysis and study of the causes of the convergence of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Republic of Tajikistan

seyed mohammadjavad momeni; Mohammad Hossein Tagvi Kutnai; ali Naghilu

Volume 6, Issue 4 , February 2023, , Pages 131-150

Abstract

  The Republic of Tajikistan gained independence on September 9, 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In the convergence of governments, they benefit from each other's material ...  Read More The Republic of Tajikistan gained independence on September 9, 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In the convergence of governments, they benefit from each other's material resources and economic ability and with joint cooperation, and with convergence and good relations, they can supply each other's deficiencies in different ways and complement each other's investment and production actions. The expansion of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Tajikistan has been the focus of the country's officials since the beginning of the country's independence. Therefore, in Iran's foreign policy, Tajikistan enjoys a privileged position and due to the many commonalities between the two countries, it can be considered kinship relations. Economy and investment, language affinity, long-standing cultural and racial ties, religious ties and common history between Iran and Tajikistan provide a suitable platform for convergence between the two countries.

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Professional training and human resource development

Fatemeh Noori; mohammadhossein yarmohammadyan

Volume 7, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 131-149

Abstract

  The current research was carried out with the aim of professional training and human resource development. . In terms of its purpose, this research is an applied research and a descriptive-correlation ...  Read More The current research was carried out with the aim of professional training and human resource development. . In terms of its purpose, this research is an applied research and a descriptive-correlation research. The statistical population of this research is made up of all the employees and managers of the country's government organizations, and considering that the number of these people is uncountable, 384 people were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula. These people were selected using stratified random sampling. In this research, two library and field methods have been used to collect information. In the library section, articles, books, theses and other upstream documents are used. Also, a standard questionnaire was used in the field section. In this research, two parts of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics have been used to analyze the data. SPSS23 software is used in the descriptive statistics section. It is also used in the inference section of smartPLS software. The results showed that professional training has a positive and significant effect on the development of human resources. Also, among the dimensions of human resources development (concept of work, autonomy, competence, effectiveness and trust), professional development had no effect on effectiveness.

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Studying the policy of women's participation in the public sector and the position of their participation in Iran and the world

maryam Isvand; vahid chenari

Volume 7, Issue 4 , December 2023, , Pages 135-161

Abstract

  Women, as the most effective member of society, who is the largest share of the domestic administration of the family as a social unit, play the most important role in the education ...  Read More Women, as the most effective member of society, who is the largest share of the domestic administration of the family as a social unit, play the most important role in the education and development of the community, and because of the particular role they play in creation, to the internal capital.Methodology: This research is a library and documentary documentary on secondary data and is a descriptive research method in the category of development research.Results: Women are an important part of providing capital in the public sector. In most human societies, employment rates and women's participation are low. Discussion: We need to know that women's participation in the public sector, especially at management and decision -making levels, must provide conditions for women to know their abilities.Conclusion: Achieving the goals of organizations and its follow up to the growth and development of societies in various fields requires a better and more presence of women and men in the field.

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Assessing the causes of the growth and spread of religious extremism in Central Asia (2009-2019)

fatemeh bakhtiarzadeh; Mahdi Javdani Moghaddam

Volume 5, Issue 16 , May 2021, , Pages 137-160

Abstract

  After the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the collapse of the communist development model and the rise of authoritarian presidential regimes in Central Asian societies, a number ...  Read More After the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the collapse of the communist development model and the rise of authoritarian presidential regimes in Central Asian societies, a number of internal and external factors disrupted the process of establishing democratic institutions and developing democracy in these societies. Subsequently, the phenomenon of religious extremism in the five newly independent republics became a concern for governments in the region. On the other hand, with the outbreak of the Arab revolutions and its consequences in the Middle East, the similarities of some similarities between the Arab societies and the Central Asian societies created the ground for the inspiration of these regions from the mentioned revolutions. In this context, the present article has tried to use Jack Snyder's theory of participation to study the resurgence of religion as a phenomenon resulting from contemporary political development, the main feature of which is to increase the demand for political participation of the masses. And transnational The activities of social and transnational forces through the channel of governments to assess how these factors relate to each other and their impact on the growth of religious extremism in Central Asian societies.

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Governments' legislative strategy in criminalizing terrorism

Peyman Namamian; alireza shakarbaigi

Volume 7, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 137-160

Abstract

  The terrorism events of September 11, 2001 were a turning point for the creation of extensive legal developments for the adoption of action regulations against terrorism. It should ...  Read More The terrorism events of September 11, 2001 were a turning point for the creation of extensive legal developments for the adoption of action regulations against terrorism. It should be noted that the common components in all anti-terrorism strategies and policies were based on expanding the limits of the duties and powers of the national legislative system and reducing their accountability in such a way that some cases related to the tension between individual freedoms and the actions of the national legislative system in European countries. He was taken to the Human Rights Court. Having said that, legislative responses to terrorism, known as "anti-terrorism legislation", confirm the quick response to these measures, which can indicate the level of preparation and activity of governments against this phenomenon. In addition, the aforementioned reactions show that there is no gap between the legislation of a country and the executive branches of that country.In addition, the aforementioned reactions show that there is no gap between the legislation of a country and the executive branches of that country.

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The strategy of the great powers towards the energy of the Persian Gulf

hamid salehi; seyed mohammadreza mousavi; aliasghar mohammadi darabi

Volume 2, Issue 4 , June 2018, , Pages 139-153

Abstract

  The Persian Gulf region has become the most important region in the world due to its huge energy reserves and geopolitical position. According to an international strategy that places ...  Read More The Persian Gulf region has become the most important region in the world due to its huge energy reserves and geopolitical position. According to an international strategy that places global power in the hands of those who dominate energy resources and lines, supra-regional powers are competing to expand their dominance over the region. The rivalry began in the British Empire and continues today with powers such as the United States, Europe, Russia, China, India, Pakistan and Turkey. Given the need to strike a balance between the influence of major powers in the region and the continuation of an independent policy by Iran, the need for a special policy in the field of energy is felt more than ever. The present study examines the situation of the oil market and the position of the oil in the Persian Gulf, energy security and the policies of the great powers.

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Futurism China's Energy Security Policy In "West Asia" Abstract

rashid recabian; Sirous khandan; mehrdad alahpour

Volume 4, Issue 14 , December 2020, , Pages 145-170

https://doi.org/10.29252/JPS.4.14.145

Abstract

  One of the emerging powers that has experienced a growing industrialization process in recent years is the People's Republic of China. Diplomacy has defined energy security for its ...  Read More One of the emerging powers that has experienced a growing industrialization process in recent years is the People's Republic of China. Diplomacy has defined energy security for its future. The best option for that country's energy supply is the strategic Persian Gulf region. The question is, what opportunities and challenges does the People's Republic of China face in the strategic port of the Persian Gulf? And how is Beijing's strategy assessed in the face of opportunities and challenges ahead? In order to answer this question, an attempt has been made to study Beijing's strategy in the Persian Gulf region at three levels: global, regional and domestic. At the global level, the biggest issue is the influence and influence of the United States in the region. At this level, the Chinese are seeking to build trust. But internally, the most important issue, especially in recent years, has been political developments in West Asian countries and issues related to government conflicts with their nations in the region, which has the potential to do so. China's energy security, which is one of the main reasons for Beijing's presence in the Persian Gulf, faces deep challenges.

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Measurement and Analysis of Relationship between Identity and Political Trust: Case Study, City of Kermanshah

Khalil Sardarnia; kourush Badri

Volume 5, Issue 19 , January 2022, , Pages 197-220

Abstract

  The main question is: what is the relationship between national and religious identities (legitimizing identity) and ethnic and virtual identities (namely protest- resistance identity) ...  Read More The main question is: what is the relationship between national and religious identities (legitimizing identity) and ethnic and virtual identities (namely protest- resistance identity) with political trust of interviewers in three levels of political system, government institutions and elites? The total finding show the negative- significant relationship between ethnic and virtual identities with political trust and positive- significant between national, family and religious identities and political trust. The independent variables have been determinant in in political trust in political system level at 45 percent, political institutions 39 percent and political elites 19 percent. So all five hypothesis verified as well as all used theories such as institutionalism, uneven development and relative deprivation in ethnic variable in Pierson correlation and virtual identity in all statistics methods. By the means, the findings of this study is same and congruent to another mentioned studies in negative correlation between two protest- resistance identity (ethnic and virtual ones) and political trust for Kurds population or others.

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Strategic approach to the political changes and demands of the third generation of the revolution based on national survey data (80s and 90s)

meisam darabi; Abbas ali Rahbar; Meghdad Pirhayati

Volume 6, Issue 2 , September 2022

Abstract

  Examining the trend of attitudes and political demands of the third generation in the field of political and social issues is of special importance for politicians, political, social ...  Read More Examining the trend of attitudes and political demands of the third generation in the field of political and social issues is of special importance for politicians, political, social and cultural policymakers. This is important because it examines trends in attitudes and political demandsThe younger generation can be carefully planned in this regard and avoid the negative consequences of the change process. In this research, using three national and prestigious surveys of the country, the process of changing the attitude of the third generation of the revolution in the field of political participation, feeling of securityAnd examine freedom, political effectiveness, and a sense of life satisfaction. Findings show that the process of participation in the elections in 1382 and 1394 was acceptable, but in 1389, due to the events of 1388, the tendency to participate in politics decreased.The feeling of security in 1382 and 89 was acceptable, but in 1394 this variable decreased. The feeling of political effectiveness in 82 and 94 is not acceptable, but in 94 it is considered acceptable. Life satisfaction in 82 and 94 is acceptable. Accept evaluationNot, but this is considered positive in 1389.

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A comparative study of the soft power components of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia in the events after the Islamic awakening

ali saeeidi; ayatallah esmaeeli

Volume 5, Issue 18 , December 2021, , Pages 109-133

Abstract

  The Middle East region is going through a period of revolutionary changes that challenge the foreign policy of the countries of this region. Despite these changes, the Islamic awakening ...  Read More The Middle East region is going through a period of revolutionary changes that challenge the foreign policy of the countries of this region. Despite these changes, the Islamic awakening and the revolution in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya have not been able to change some important aspects of the West Asian region. One of the most important ones that outlines the strategic horizon of West Asia is the rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia.The wave of popular protests in 2011 in support of democracy and opposition to the ruling regime known as Islamic awakening has created new concerns for Saudi Arabia and Iran that should be taken into account in the context of regional priorities. In this new environment, there are many opportunities and threats facing both the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia, while both countries are trying to marginalize their competitors by using their soft power components and elements. to drive Now, after several years of the events known as the Islamic awakening, it is possible to draw a clear picture of the efforts of both countries in the direction of using soft power, and in a comparative analysis of their performance,

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The role of the flow of "influence" in the failure of the Islamic revolution to achieve all its ideals and goals (Battakid Bardehe 2019)

rashid rekabian; sirous khandan

Volume 5, Issue 19 , January 2022, , Pages 113-134

Abstract

  The progressive research focuses on the impact of the flow of influence on the failure of the Islamic Revolution to achieve all its ideals and goals in the recent decade. The nuclear ...  Read More The progressive research focuses on the impact of the flow of influence on the failure of the Islamic Revolution to achieve all its ideals and goals in the recent decade. The nuclear talks increased their penetration in different ways. For this reason, the Supreme Leader in this decade of the Islamic Revolution, on various occasions, warned the officials and the people about the flow of influence, its origin, goals, types, etc. The question of research: What effect did the flow of infiltration have on the failure of the Islamic Revolution to achieve all its goals in the 1990s? The hypothesis of the research is the influence of two forms of individual and current in the form of liberal political thought flow that were trained by the enemies of the revolution, they acted to mobilize power and during the nuclear negotiations, they were influential in the managers and decision makers to disrupt the goals of the revolution and make the government ineffective, so as to change the system of the Islamic Republic, which is the main goal. It is up to them to take action. The method of descriptive-analytical research and the method of collecting documents is library.

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Psychological aspects of sanctions, market risk and economic resilience

Seyed Hamid Armand; AbdolMohammad Kashian

Volume 6, Issue 1 , June 2022, , Pages 121-152

Abstract

  One of the effective factors in managing and controlling sanctions is managing its psychological effects. Naturally, sanctions have a number of psychological effects, including fluctuations ...  Read More One of the effective factors in managing and controlling sanctions is managing its psychological effects. Naturally, sanctions have a number of psychological effects, including fluctuations in the vital markets of the economy, and as a result, dealing with them properly plays an important role in managing market fluctuations. This article analyzes the interaction between the psychological aspects of sanctions and foreign exchange market, housing and stock market risk using the (VAR) model. The results of this model show that there is a correlation between the psychological effect of sanctions and the risk of market in the short and longterm. The psychological effect of sanctions increases the risk of foreign exchange and stock market and reduces the risk of fluctuations in the housing market, and in contrast, the increased risk of currency and stock market fluctuations leads to an increase in the psychological effect of sanctions on society. In other words, the public perception and mental image created in society show the effectiveness of sanctions and this is a great help to sanctioners to increase pressure. it is suggested that by minimizing the psychological aspects of sanctions, showing their insignificance, the pressures of market fluctuations are largely controlled.

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Representation of the American media of new social movements In the Islamic world (2009-2020)

mohammadAli barzanoni; mohammad Bavandpuri; javad aghabeygialamdari

Volume 5, Issue 17 , September 2021, , Pages 131-152

Abstract

  Today, new media and communication technologies are considered as an effective tool for implementing the policies and strategies of actors in the field of international relations. Among ...  Read More Today, new media and communication technologies are considered as an effective tool for implementing the policies and strategies of actors in the field of international relations. Among the actors in this field is the US government, which has always relied on media tools and various media techniques to control and manage developments in the international arena to ensure its interests. This issue can be seen in the developments of the Islamic societies of the last few years, as well as the Islamic Republic of Iran, as well as the emergence of new social movements in these countries. Thus, the quality of the American media's response to the developments in these societies forms the main question of the present study. This is a question that we are trying to answer by using reliable sources and relying on an analytical method and reviewing the content of news published by major American media. The findings of the study indicate that the United States in the face of new social movements using its media representation tools and in the context of Western-oriented discourse, in the 12 threats and odds of emerging from new social movements It has been in the Islamic world.

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Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Islamic Theory of International Relations: Transition from Western Theories

Majid Abbasi; masoomeh jamali

Volume 4, Issue 13 , September 2020, , Pages 133-155

Abstract

  The Islamic Revolution of Iran brought about a serious change in international relations. With this development, current theories in international relations failed to analyze Iran's ...  Read More The Islamic Revolution of Iran brought about a serious change in international relations. With this development, current theories in international relations failed to analyze Iran's foreign policy. Because with the victory of the Islamic Revolution, a new element called religion entered the field of foreign policy. A factor that none of these theories could analyze its role. To address this shortcoming, constructivist theory was born from the Fourth Debate on International Relations. However, because it has Western foundations, it is not able to analyze Iran's foreign policy in all areas of international relations. The foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran with an Islamic, critical and revisionist approach requires the presentation of a native and Islamic theory. In this regard, the Islamic theory of international relations is the best window to analyze and explain Iran's foreign policy in the direction of the nation-centered and the establishment of a just world order. By identifying the 14 principles of Islamic theory of international relations, this study seeks to answer the fundamental question of how the application of Islamic theory of international relations to analyze and explain the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is possible?

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