Volume 6, Issue 4 , February 2023, , Pages 205-232
Abstract
Iran's Islamic revolution, with every analysis that has been presented about its occurrence, caused vast changes in Iranian society. These changes have also been effective in the class ...
Read More
Iran's Islamic revolution, with every analysis that has been presented about its occurrence, caused vast changes in Iranian society. These changes have also been effective in the class structure of the society and brought about changes in it. So that despite the participation of the middle class, both traditional and new, in the victory process of the Islamic Revolution; But gradually, with the passage of time, the traditional middle class strata in competition with the new middle class strata gained more influence on the political decision-making process and control over economic and political funds and resources. In terms of methodology, it is a descriptive-analytical study that has been used to collect information from library and documentary methods. In total, the results of the research show that despite the formation and growth of the traditional and new middle class in the period of construction, but in the period of reforms, we witness the peak of the political action of the new middle class and in the period of fundamentalism, we witness the peak of the political action of the traditional middle class in political competitions.
Due to its geopolitical and geoeconomic importance, the Persian Gulf region is of great importance for regional and extra-regional actors. The Persian Gulf region has a dual function; ...
Read More
Due to its geopolitical and geoeconomic importance, the Persian Gulf region is of great importance for regional and extra-regional actors. The Persian Gulf region has a dual function; peace/war and convergence/divergence and endogenous/exogenous security. What is important in this article is the analysis of the nature of exogenous security on the regionalism mechanism of the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf in the field of their domestic and foreign policy. The main question of the research is what effect does exogenous security have on the regionalism mechanism of the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf? The main hypothesis is that the regionalism of the Persian Gulf countries is based on exogenous security and relies on the provision of regional security by extra-regional powers, and pan-Arab attitudes, Shiite and Sunni geopolitics, maintaining the political system and unity against Large regional players have intensified this strategy. Bringing up topics such as Arab NATO even at the theoretical level and bilateral and multilateral defense agreements with great powers is in line with the completion of the exogenous security project. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on library and internet collection methods
